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Introduction to programming language
There are many different programming languages available today.These languages are playing very important role in application development.
Each and every language has specific set of rules for writing and executing a program.
This set of rules is nothing but syntax given by language.
Also different languages are having different features, application areas,effectiveness and drawbacks.
In comparison to middle level language like C, advanced languages like Java are having very rich feature set and are providing better functionalities functionalities.
Why to study programming languages?
Programming languages are useful to develop applications, games etc.
Learning programming languages can automate many tedious jobs.
Having knowledge of coding can lead clarity of thoughts and improves logic building.
Ideas can be expressed easily and efficiently.
For overall advancement of computing.
What is Python? Why it is preferred over other languages?
Python is high level programming language and it is used for scripting.
Many other features are supported by python like small codes,extensive libraries,advance GUI development, free and open source etc.
This features make it scalable, portable, reliable and highly productivity language.
Python’s simple, easy to learn syntax emphasizes readability and therefore reduces the cost of program maintenance.
What is a program?
A program is a sequence of instruction that specifies how to implement the computation logic. Program can written using different languages like C, C++, python, Java, etc.
It may be or may not be hardware and software dependent.
For writing program there are set of rules called as syntax.
For example to display “team itvoyagers” on screen using python program.
>>>print("team itvoyagers")
This statement will prints for display the result on the screen
team itvoyagers
Classification of programming languages
There are many different classifications available based on different parameters.
But basically programming languages are classified as.
Low level
The low level programming language is very close to machine. Computer can understand such languages directly and easily. Script writing requires knowledge of machine code and instructions.
As these languages are very well understood by machine directly the time required for the execution is very less but program development time is more as only technically strong developer who is aware of machine code and instructions can work with low level language.
Machine language
In machine level language program is written using binary using 0s and 1s
Scripting in machine level languages is very difficult.
Finding and solving errors is very difficult in such languages.
There is no distinction between instruction and operands for data.
Symbolic or assembly language
As binary machine-code instructions are difficult to understand directly, assembly-language programs are expressed in a symbolic notation.Mnemonics which are small English like words are used.
This made instruction and operates or data distinct.
Assembler is a utility program used to translate a program to machine code.
Execution becomes slower as assembler is used to convert code to machine language.
Middle level languages
Developing and executing scripts is fast as compared to low level languages.
Example C language.
High level languages
Any high level languages are not directly understood by computer. English like statements are used to write a script.
This script is translated into a form which is understandable by machine i.e byte-code or binary code.
This requires more time for execution.
It is easy to code in high level languages as English like statements are used.
High level languages are machine independent i.e they can be executed on any platform.
Example Java.
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